Disk mill



Sept. 9, 1941.

J. MARCO 2,255,071

DISK MILL Filed May 4, 1959 s sheets-shea 1 o ,94 ai; V I I 9 l l .3/ 6 7 J 9 I s /7 if su 2- o 4 E d l Sept 9, 1941- J. MARco 2,255,071

DISK MILL Filed May 4, 1939 5 Sheets-Shea?I 2 J. MARCO DISK MILL Sept. 9, 1941.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Ma..y 4, 1939 Patented Sept. 9, 194i uNl'llzD STATES PATENT -oFFlcE msx MILL John Marco, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor teniamo Company, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application May 4, 1939, serial No. 271,786 A (cl. ss-s) 3 Claims.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in grinders, disintegrators, emulsors or the like and more particularly to the type of machine wherein a material in more or less liquid form is fed under pressure to the grinding, disintegrating or emulsifying elements. Y

Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of a machine wherein the material to be treated is fed to the grinder, disintgrator or emulsiiier by means of a spiral shaft.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provision o! a grinding, disintegrating or emulsifying device in which a stationary element and a rotating element are provided, the contacting or working faces of which are each provided-with series of radially arranged shearing elements, varying in length, depth and position with respect to the faces upon which they are formed.

A still further object of the invention resides Figure 4 is a similar view as seen on the. line 4 4 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows,

, Figure 5 is a similar view as seen on the line 5-5 of Figure 1, looking inthe direction of .the

arrows,

Figure 6 is a similar view as seen on the line 6-6 of Figure l4 looking in the direction of 'the in the provision of a grinding, disintegrating or vision of an improvedv form of thrust bearing housing within said thrust block for facilitating the adjustment of said block.

A still further object of the invention resides -in the provision of an indicating dial with minute divisions provided thereon whereby fine adjustments may be made of' the grinder, at the will of the operator.

With these and numerous other objects in view,

my invention consists in the novel features of construction hereinafter referred to and more particularly pointed out in the specification and claims.

'In the accompanying drawings forming part of this application,

Figure 1 is a vertical section through my improved grlnder, disintegrator, emulsor or the like attached to a pump, with parts shown in elevation, Y Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof,

Figure 3 is a vertical section as seen on the line 3--3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows,

Figure '7 is a vertical section ash seen on the line 1--1 of Figure 1,

Figure 8 is a horizontal section as seen on the line ll-Bof Figure 2, with parts of the pump Vshown in dotted lines, and parts of the device removed, v

Figure 9 is-a fragmentary plan view, partly in I section. showing therelationship of the driving shafttothe'rotor,

Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view,

partly in section on the rotor showing particw larly the grooved face thereof, and

Figure 11 is a side elevation of a complete machine embodying my pump structure and my improved grinder, disintegrator and emulsor.

I have found in the development of my various apparatus, including pumps, homogenizationl grinders, disintegrators and emulsifying apparatus inl general, that the present-day devices are incapable of adaptation to various and numerous industries, that is,vncapabl,e of versa tility. Such machines 'generally known to the trade today have been found lacking in that they are incapable of the interchange of parts so as to be used e`ectively in all and numerous .industries where grinding, disintegration, emulsication, blending, etc., becomes necessary. v'1Itis the purpose of my invention to provide a machine so constructed that elements may be readily and quickly removed and corresponding ele. ments substituted therefor, whereby the machine may be usedin every possible industry where the necessity arises for grinding, disintegrating` emulsifying, homogenizing,` blending, etc.

For instance, the machine embodying my invention is particularly well adapted for use in.

the general food industry, where fruits, vegetables, confections and the like require, in their manufacture, grinding, emulsification and the like; and likewise, the same is well adapted for use in the manufacture of chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations, where ingredients thereof` require grinding or emulsication';

,and further, this machine is capable. of effective use and adaptation in the industry involving the manufacture of asphaltmn or other petroleum products; and still further is particularly well adapted for use in the dairy industry in the manufacture of cheese, ice cream, flavors, etc. I

have personally operated this apparatus successfully in the processing of cranberries, including skin and seed, for Jellies, sauces, etc.; with strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, prunes, apples, peaches, skin and pulp, made into afruit puree where neither skin nor seed is' visible; with oranges, lemons, and different citrous fruits including pulp, skin and juice, made into a paste suitable for industries where fresh fruit flavors are adaptable; in stabilizing peanut butter to the state where oil does not bleed out; in the making of vanolin` and cocoabutter, mixing the vanilla bean with numerous confections; in controlling viscosity of various-condensed'milks; in treating chocolate to omit blooming (changing color);

'emulsifying wax with water definitely; improving the penetrable quality of cold creams, hand lotions, zinc ointments, etc. and various other medicinal compounds such as cream of carbonate,

milk of magnesia, etc.; in the making of asphaltumemulsions to obtain viscosity suitable for numerous applications; in-treatment of spinach,

peas, carrotsbarley and a number of other vegetables for emulsication to a point adaptable for baby feeding; in handling bone-charcoal emulsiiled for the treatment in sugar refining; treating mustard seeds, vinegar, spices, etc. in one operation preparatory to packaging; in the manu- A facture of automobile polishes that contain and in handling of numerous other materials and compounds. This illustrates the versatility of the machine in its many applications to use. I find that in the other so-called apparatus alleged to have qualifications to accomplish some of these aforementioned resultsare not as well adaptable a for the purposes as mine and are incapable in one machine' of accomplishing all the results claimed by me. Y

In the accompanying drawings, the numeral I designates the forward end of. a pump sti ucture,

the details of which are immaterial insofar as the through the medium of the bolts 6; Bolted to the outer face of the head 5 through the medium of the studs 'I are the cover plate 8, seal plate 9. grinder housing body I and stator plate II, the latter abutting directly against the outer face of said head 5, as clearly shown in Figure 1 of the drawings. Interposed between the inner face of the plate 8 and the seal plate 9 is the seal I2 which surrounds the thrust block I3, the latter aligning, adjusting and supporting a rotor I4 in position against the outer face of the stator plate I I. This rotor Il is splined on the extension 3 of thedrive shaft and said thrust block I3 retains said rotor in position against the stator plate as will be hereinafter more particularly set forth.

Threaded into the outer face of the rotor I4 is the seal plug I5 to prevent the seepage 0f ma terial therefrom.

The thrust block I3 supports at its outer end a thrust bearing I6 of conventional form to facilitate adjustment allowing-the thrust block to rotate with said rotor and this bearing is held in place through the medium of the adjusting cap Il which is internally threaded and engaged with external threads on the extended tubular portion 'of the cover plate 8. A hand bar I8 is provided A ing lock screw which projects through the cap present invention is concerned, but which may be found fully illustrated and described in my copending application Serial No. 235,509, for

Homogenizer and pump. In this connection, it is emphasized that my invention is capable of application to a specific pump structure now known to the trade, thus enabling the present invention to be readily and quickly adapted thereto, or other grinding, disintegrating, emulsifying, homogenizing or similar apparatus, as covered in other copending applications of mine, to be substituted therefor, although the invention may .be applied to some other pump structure that is constructed and fitted to accomplish the purpose, if there be any such existing.

The numeral 2 designates the driving shaft which in this instance is a driving shaftprojecting from'the pump. structure. This drive shaft is extended beyond the pump structure as shown by the numeral 3 and is designed with spiral grooves 4 for the purpose of feeding the material being treated to my improved grinding apparatus. This extended portion 3 of the drive shaft is housed within the tubular portion of a head 5 which is bolted to the face of the pump structure I Il and engages the horizontal extension of the cover plate 8, as clearly shown in Figure 1. By this dial and pointer arrangement, aforesaid, the operator having found a successful result attained with a certain adjustment of the elements in thetreatment of certain materials, may make note thereof and thereafter adjust the cap to the same position for all future operations in the treatment of that same material for the same purpose.

The head 5 which is formed with a tubular 'housing is provided Awith an intake port 2| through which the material is fed by the pump structure from whence it is fed, as aforesaid, to the grinding or emulsifying structure. The inlet port, however, communicates with a bore 22 which extends longitudinally through the horizontal tubular portion of the head 5 to enable the ready cleansing of the inlet port. The outer end of this bore 22 adjacent the stator plate II is covered with a gasket 23 held in place by said stator plate.

The grinder housing I0 is provided with an outlet port 24 and in view of the particular arrangement of parts, with the bolts l uniformly spaced, this housing may be adjusted in any position s0 Ithat said outlet port 24 may be directed to any desired angle with respect to'the appatoward their outer ends. Interposed between the pairs of grooves 25 and also arranged radially with respect to the stator plate are the additional grooves 26 which are arcuately formed in longitudinal section. These grooves 26 are materially shorter in length than the grooves25,

as clearly shown in Figure 10 of the drawings.

Surrounding `the grooves 25 and 26 and forming an arc thereabout, I provide the diagonal grooves 21 which are directed at a. substantially 45 angle and are arcuately formed in crosssection as shown in Figure 10. The face of the stator plate Il adjacent the peripheral edge thereof is further provided withan additional set of grooves 28 winch are ner'in dimension than the grooves 21 and are directed at substantially a 45 angle opposedto the angle of the grooves 21, as clearly shown in Figure 10. These sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

grooves 28 are substantially rectangular in crosssection.

The inner face of 'the rotor I4 contacting with the outer face of the stator plate is likewise grooved, serrated or milled exactly as the outer face of said stator plate, just described, and for y convenience the grooves of said rotor are referred to, respectively, as a, 26a, 21a and 28a.

While the grooves 21 and 28 of the stator plate and the grooves 21a and 28a of the rotorcappear to be disposed respectively at the same angle, lt will be seen that when the faces of said rotor and stator plate are in abutting relation, the grooves o f one element will be. disposed at crossangles to the similar grooves of the opposed element, Vthereby obtaining a true shearing action on the material being processed. Obviously, ma-

terial passing through the spiral grooves of they driving shaft 3 will be forced under pressure between the facesof the stator plate and' rotor for treatment by the shearing action of the grooves in the contacting faces of'saidelements, as the rotor revolves, and the material thus treated after passing between said elements will flow from the chamber within the grinder housing through the outlet port 24. It may be here stated that the driving shaft 3 rotates counterclockwise when viewed as shown in Figure '1 and the spiral grooves 4 in said shaft are of such a pitch and angle that during rotation of the shaft .in this direction the material fed from the pump to thisA shaft will beforced forwardly to the grinding elements, regardless of the viscosity or density of said material.

The stator plate H is provided with a liquidreceiving chamber 29 which is provided'with an inlet port 30 and an outlet port 3l whereby a fluid, either hot orcold, may be supplied thereto,`

according to the required process.

From the foregoing description of the construction of my improved apparatus, the operation thereof will be readily understood. It will be seen that the structure is such that-the various elements may be quickly and readily removed at the will of the operator and particularly adapted for ready removal each day when work therewith has been completed, so that each and What is claimed is:

1. In a grinder, a body having a chamber therein yprovided with an inlet and an outlet, a rotary shaft extending into said chamber, a rotor in said chamber carried by said shaft with one side face confronting a face of the stator, the confronting faces of the stator and the rotorl being each formed with a row of radially extending grooves V-shaped in cross section and tapered to points at their outer ends, other radially extendingA l grooves between outer portions of they-shaped grooves and having longitudinally curved innerA and'therotor having confronting faces one of which is formed with a row of radially extending grooves V-shaped in cross section and tapered toward their outer ends, other radially extending grooves between outer portions of the tapered grooves and having longitudinally curved inner walls, a concentric row of grooves extending di agonally from outer ends of the aforesaid grooves and having transversely curved base walls, andan outer concentric row. of grooves extending diagonallyv in a direction opposite to that of the first mentioned diagonal grooves and being rectangular in cross-section.

3. In a grinder including. a chamber having an inlet and an outlet, a stator in the chamber, and a rotor in the chamber rotatable about an axis concentric to the center of the stator; the stator and the rotor having confronting operating faces one of which is formed with a concentric row of radially extending grooves tapered toward their outer ends, a second row of radially extending grooves located between outer portions of the tapered grooves in spaced relation thereto, a con-y centric row of grooves extending diagonally from outer ends of the aforesaid grooves, and an outer concentric row of grooves extending diagonally in a direction opposite to that of the first mentioned diagonally extending grooves.

JOHN' MARCQ 

